Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

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Which cement is known to be the most injurious to the pulp?

Cement of glass ionomer
Zinc phosphate
Resin cement
Calcium hydroxide cement

The correct answer is: Zinc phosphate

Zinc phosphate cement is recognized for being the most injurious to the pulp due to its acidic properties during the initial setting phase. The pH of zinc phosphate cement can drop significantly, leading to potential irritation and damage to the dental pulp, especially if there is inadequate sealing or if it comes into contact with the pulp directly. The initial acidity can cause pulpal inflammation, making it essential to use suitable pulpal protection measures when employing this type of cement. Glass ionomer cement is known for its biocompatibility and ability to release fluoride, providing a protective effect against caries and demonstrating a more neutral pH, which is less harmful to pulp tissue. Resin cement also has a similar profile with less acidic characteristics compared to zinc phosphate and can bond well while being relatively neutral. Calcium hydroxide cement is often used specifically for its therapeutic properties, promoting pulp healing and being non-harmful to the pulp. These characteristics contribute to a safer profile when it comes to the health of the dental pulp compared to zinc phosphate.